Additional pediatric resources: GeneralPediatrics.com | PediatricEducation.org | SearchingPediatrics.com
Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D.
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
Etiology/Pathophysiology:
In ventilated patients, the route of air leak from the pulmonary
interstitium to the pericardial sac is unknown as there is no known
anatomic connection between the interstitium, pleura, or mediastinum
and pericardial sac. Pneumopericardium also can be seen
postoperatively in cardiac surgery patients.
Pathology:
Not applicable.
Imaging Findings:
The "halo sign" - a continuous radiolucent band of air around the
heart which conforms to the cardiac outline and does not extend
beyond the level of the great vessels.
A "continuous diaphragm sign" may be seen, with air
outlining the diaphragm under the heart. The continuous diaphragm
sign may also be seen in pneumomediastinum.
DDX:
References:
See References Chapter.
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