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Virtual Pediatric Hospital: Paediapaedia: Cloverleaf Skull (Kleeblattschadel) Paediapaedia: Neurological Diseases

Cloverleaf Skull (Kleeblattschadel)

Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D.
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed


Clinical Presentation:
Trilobed configuration of the skull with downward displacement of the ears, severe exophthalmos, a beaklike nose, and prognathism. Usually have severe mental retardation. One third of patients are thanatophoric dwarfs.

Etiology/Pathophysiology:
Fused coronal, lambdoid and posterior sagittal sutures. The cloverleaf appearance comes from the vertex of brain bulging through the metopic and anterior sagittal sutures and the lateral brain bulging through the squamosal sutures.

Pathology:
Not applicable

Imaging Findings:
On plain film a cloverleaf skull with sutural fusion is seen, along with facial dysostosis, a large temporal fossa, and elevated sphenoid wings.

Computed tomography often demonstrates hydrocephalus.

DDX:

References:
See References Chapter.

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